With no extra base indication, expect decimal numbers:īinary numbers, in NASM assembly language, have a trailing B or b.ġ*2^2 + 0*2^1 + 1*2^0 + 1*2^-1 + 1*2^-2 or (in plain text, we use "^" to mean, raise to power or exponentiation) Numbers are represented as the coefficients of powers of a base. We start this course with a thorough understanding of numbers. The data may be integers, floating point or characters. Of storage in the computer is two hex digits, eight bits, a byte. Read the bits, four at a time as hexadecimal. You will be directly using segments inĬomputers store bits, binary digits, in memory and we usually With loading the executable image of a program in memory.Ī process sets up "segments" of memory with:Ī ".text" segment with computer instructionsĪ ".rodata" segment with initialized data, read onlyĪ ".bss" segment for variables and arraysĪ "heap" for dynamically getting more memoryĪnd then the process is executed by having the programĪddress register set to the first executable instruction Has an operating system that runs a "process". Technically: The computer does not run a "program", the computer computer architecture and assembly language. This course is to provide a basic understanding of how computers
The loader reads object files and creates an executable image. The assembler reads the assembly language and produces aīinary object file with machine instructions. High level language to assembly language as another file on the disc.
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You edit your source code and have it on the disc.Ī compiler reads your source code and typically converts
Lecture 15 Memory hardware organization.Lecture 3 Registers, Syntax and sections.Lecture numbers correspond to the syllabus numbering.
Source code may be included in line or by a link. In case they were not clear or not copied correctly in class. These are not intended to be complete lecture notes.Ĭomplicated figures or tables or formulas are included here CMPE 310 Selected Lecture Notes CMPE 310 Selected Lecture Notes This is one big WEB page, used for printing